diff --git a/include/qbsp/brush.hh b/include/qbsp/brush.hh
index d90cc1a5..1cac2765 100644
--- a/include/qbsp/brush.hh
+++ b/include/qbsp/brush.hh
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ struct side_t
     int planenum;
     planeside_t planeside; // which side is the front of the face
     int texinfo;
-    twosided<contentflags_t> contents;
-    twosided<int16_t> lmshift;
+
+    int16_t lmshift;
 
     qvec3d origin;
     vec_t radius;
diff --git a/include/qbsp/qbsp.hh b/include/qbsp/qbsp.hh
index d6350889..2ea7c86b 100644
--- a/include/qbsp/qbsp.hh
+++ b/include/qbsp/qbsp.hh
@@ -334,8 +334,8 @@ struct face_t : face_fragment_t
     int planenum;
     planeside_t planeside; // which side is the front of the face
     int texinfo;
-    twosided<contentflags_t> contents;
-    twosided<int16_t> lmshift;
+    contentflags_t contents; // contents on the front of the face
+    int16_t lmshift;
 
     qvec3d origin;
     vec_t radius;
diff --git a/qbsp/brush.cc b/qbsp/brush.cc
index 47b36c71..db96de81 100644
--- a/qbsp/brush.cc
+++ b/qbsp/brush.cc
@@ -1014,7 +1014,7 @@ static void Brush_LoadEntity(mapentity_t *dst, const mapentity_t *src, const int
         brush->lmshift = lmshift;
 
         for (auto &face : brush->sides)
-            face.lmshift = { (short) lmshift, (short) lmshift };
+            face.lmshift = lmshift;
 
         if (classname == std::string_view("func_areaportal")) {
             brush->func_areaportal = const_cast<mapentity_t *>(src); // FIXME: get rid of consts on src in the callers?
diff --git a/qbsp/csg4.cc b/qbsp/csg4.cc
index faee9661..4e6194ea 100644
--- a/qbsp/csg4.cc
+++ b/qbsp/csg4.cc
@@ -142,8 +142,6 @@ face_t *MirrorFace(const face_t *face)
     face_t *newface = NewFaceFromFace(face);
     newface->w = face->w.flip();
     newface->planeside = static_cast<planeside_t>(face->planeside ^ 1);
-    newface->contents.swap();
-    newface->lmshift.swap();
 
     return newface;
 }
diff --git a/qbsp/exportobj.cc b/qbsp/exportobj.cc
index 282b0410..b5e03561 100644
--- a/qbsp/exportobj.cc
+++ b/qbsp/exportobj.cc
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ static void ExportObjFace(std::ofstream &f, const face_t *face, int *vertcount)
     }
     
     // fixme-brushbsp
-    fmt::print(f, "usemtl contents{}\n", face->contents[0].native);
+    fmt::print(f, "usemtl contents{}\n", face->contents.native);
     f << 'f';
     for (int i = 0; i < face->w.size(); i++) {
         // .obj vertexes start from 1
diff --git a/qbsp/merge.cc b/qbsp/merge.cc
index af1a8f4d..e76d7abc 100644
--- a/qbsp/merge.cc
+++ b/qbsp/merge.cc
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ static face_t *TryMerge(face_t *f1, face_t *f2)
 
     if (!f1->w.size() || !f2->w.size() || f1->planeside != f2->planeside || f1->texinfo != f2->texinfo ||
         /*!f1->contents[0].equals(options.target_game, f2->contents[0]) || !f1->contents[1].equals(options.target_game, f2->contents[1]) || */
-        f1->lmshift[0] != f2->lmshift[0] || f1->lmshift[1] != f2->lmshift[1])
+        f1->lmshift != f2->lmshift)
         return NULL;
 
     // find a common edge
diff --git a/qbsp/surfaces.cc b/qbsp/surfaces.cc
index bcb59e7c..a87cb864 100644
--- a/qbsp/surfaces.cc
+++ b/qbsp/surfaces.cc
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ static bool ShouldOmitFace(face_t *f)
         return true;
 
     // HACK: to save a few faces, don't output the interior faces of sky brushes
-    if (f->contents[0].is_sky(options.target_game)) {
+    if (f->contents.is_sky(options.target_game)) {
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ std::list<face_t *> SubdivideFace(face_t *f)
     // one lightmap block will always be added at the end, for smooth interpolation
 
     // engines that do support scaling will support 256*256 blocks (at whatever scale).
-    lmshift = f->lmshift[0];
+    lmshift = f->lmshift;
     if (lmshift > 4)
         lmshift = 4; // no bugging out with legacy lighting
 
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ Returns a global edge number, possibly negative to indicate a backwards edge.
 */
 inline size_t GetEdge(mapentity_t *entity, const qvec3d &p1, const qvec3d &p2, const face_t *face)
 {
-    if (!face->contents[0].is_valid(options.target_game, false))
+    if (!face->contents.is_valid(options.target_game, false))
         FError("Face with invalid contents");
 
     size_t v1 = GetVertex(p1);
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ inline size_t GetEdge(mapentity_t *entity, const qvec3d &p1, const qvec3d &p2, c
     auto it = hashedges.find(edge_hash_key);
     if (it != hashedges.end()) {
         for (const int i : it->second) {
-            if (pEdgeFaces1[i] == NULL && pEdgeFaces0[i]->contents[0].native == face->contents[0].native) {
+            if (pEdgeFaces1[i] == NULL && pEdgeFaces0[i]->contents.native == face->contents.native) {
                 pEdgeFaces1[i] = face;
                 return -i;
             }
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ static void EmitFaceFragment(mapentity_t *entity, face_t *face, face_fragment_t
     mface_t &out = map.bsp.dfaces.emplace_back();
 
     // emit lmshift
-    map.exported_lmshifts.push_back(face->lmshift[1]);
+    map.exported_lmshifts.push_back(face->lmshift);
     Q_assert(map.bsp.dfaces.size() == map.exported_lmshifts.size());
 
     out.planenum = ExportMapPlane(face->planenum);
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ static void CountFace(mapentity_t *entity, face_t *f, size_t &facesCount, size_t
     if (ShouldOmitFace(f))
         return;
 
-    if (f->lmshift[1] != 4)
+    if (f->lmshift != 4)
         map.needslmshifts = true;
 
     facesCount++;
@@ -632,15 +632,12 @@ static face_t *FaceFromPortal(portal_t *p, int pside)
     if (pside)
     {
         f->w = p->winding->flip();
-        // fixme-brushbsp: was just `f->contents` on qbsp3
-        f->contents[0] = p->nodes[1]->contents;
-        f->contents[1] = p->nodes[0]->contents;
+        f->contents = p->nodes[1]->contents;
     }
     else
     {
         f->w = *p->winding;
-        f->contents[0] = p->nodes[0]->contents;
-        f->contents[1] = p->nodes[1]->contents;
+        f->contents = p->nodes[0]->contents;
     }
 
     UpdateFaceSphere(f);